@book{oai:chikyu.repo.nii.ac.jp:00002737,
 author = {白岩, 孝行 and SHIRAIWA, Takayuki},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {application/pdf, The objective of the project is to elucidate the role of the Amur River in primary productivity in the Sea of Okhotsk and Oyashio region and then evaluate possible human impacts such as land surface disturbances in the Amur River basin on the marine ecosystem of the ocean. In this study, we attempt to answer 1) how dissolved iron is transported from the Amur River basin to the Sea of Okhotsk and Oyashio region, 2) to what extent the supply of dissolved iron regulates the primary production in these open waters, 3) how the land surface disturbances affect the material circulation in the Amur–Okhotsk system, 4) how human activity will impact the system in the future, and 5) how we can conserve this transboundary ecosystem. By answering these five questions, we propose a new global environmental concept, the “giant” fish-breeding forest (GFBF), in which there are physical and humanistic interactions between upstream and downstream, and determine a way of conserving the system in a cooperative effort among China, Russia, Mongolia and Japan.
Iron-bound material and ecological linkages from the Amur River basin to the Oyashio region via the Sea of Okhotsk were finally quantified by 1) observations of the spatiotemporal distribution of dissolved iron in various parts of the Amur River basin, 2) monthly monitoring of dissolved iron concentrations and discharges at Khabarovsk and Bogorodskoe, 3) observations of the temporal distributions of dissolved iron in the lower reach, mouth, and estuarial area of the Amur River, 4) measurements of dissolved iron in the Sea of Okhotsk and Oyashio region, and 5) measurements of the atmospheric iron input to the Oyashio region. It was found that approximately 40% of the dissolved iron necessary to support phytoplankton production in the Oyashio region was transported through the GFBF system. The remaining 60% was microbially recycled iron originally provided by intermediate water and atmospheric input.
It was found that there are two current threats to the GFBF system: global warming and human impacts on land surfaces. The former is most clearly indicated by the decreasing trend of sea ice production in the Sea of Okhotsk in recent decades and its impact on the ocean and material circulation in the northern North Pacific. The latter is illustrated by the decreasing trend of iron discharge from the Amur River basin to the Sea of Okhotsk due mainly to the reclamation of wetland to form paddy fields and dry land.
The Amur Okhotsk Consortium was established in November 8, 2009 as a multinational academic network to discuss the conservation and sustainable use of the GFBF. Japanese, Chinese and Russian members decided to hold a joint meeting every two years and exchange ideas, information and data routinely via the Internet between meetings.},
 publisher = {Amur-Okhotsk Project},
 title = {FINAL REPORT OF THE AMUR OKHOTSK PROJECT 2005-2009},
 year = {2010},
 yomi = {シライワ, タカユキ}
}