@book{oai:chikyu.repo.nii.ac.jp:00002763,
 author = {SHMAKIN, ANDREY B. and SHMAKIN, ANDREY B.},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {application/pdf, Statistical analysis is carried out on weather conditions in North Eurasia, favorable for spring floods in the region. Change of frequency and intensity of such situations since the middle of 20th century is studied too. Specific weather conditions suitable for spring floods in North Eurasia include:

- extreme amount of snow accumulated during winter;
- snow depth at the beginning of intense snowmelt;
- fast warming above the melting point in the presence of snow;
- heavy rains with air temperature above the melting point, combined with the presence of snow.

Analysis of daily meteorological records over North Eurasia during 1950-2006 has been carried out for two distinctive time spans: from 1951 till 1980 (base period), and from 1989 till 2006 (contemporary climate warming). Among the weather conditions, favorable for the spring floods, snow accumulation is changing most intensively. Over most of Siberia and in the north-east of the East European Plain, it is increasing during the last decades as compared to the middle of 20th century. In some regions such as West Siberia and parts of Central Siberia, as well as in Sakhalin island, the increase of snow amount is rather significant. This can result in larger frequency of spring discharge, and, under certain circumstances, spring floods. However, the frequency of other weather situations favorable for the spring floods didn’t change so much on the scale of sub-continent. The snow depth just before fast melting has increased in some areas (parts of Pechora, Ob and Yenisey basins). Frequency of spring heat waves has increased in Pechora basin and parts of Ob river basin. The rain sums falling on snow have increased in relatively small areas, mostly in the East European Plain. Overall, the basins of Pechora and middle flow of Yenisey, and to some extent upper part of Lena river have become more threatened by the contemporary climate change in terms of spring floods.
On the scale of the entire sub-continent, potential threats from the viewpoint of spring floods increase only in few areas of North Eurasia, while in other areas this danger has become less frequent.},
 publisher = {Amur-Okhotsk Project},
 title = {Weather conditions suitable for spring floods in north Eurasia and their frequency during the last decades},
 year = {2010}
}